Validating Foreign Judgments Before Turkish Courts
Foreign civil court decisions or international arbitration awards cannot be directly executed by Turkish bailiffs without an official Enforcement Order (Tenfiz Kararı).
1. Statutory Requirements for Enforcement
- Reciprocity: Contractual or de facto reciprocity between Turkey and the state of origin.
- Finality: The judgment must be final and unappealable under foreign law.
- Public Policy: The decision must not violate Turkish public order (Ordre Public).
- Due Process: The defendant must have been properly served and afforded defense rights.
